CATL makes money by designing, manufacturing and selling lithium-ion and emerging-chemistry batteries, battery packs, energy-storage systems and related electrification solutions. Its largest business is power batteries for electric vehicles, supported by a fast-growing energy-storage business and smaller activities in battery materials, recycling, battery swapping, supercharging, marine electrification and aviation-related battery technology.
The model is scale-driven. CATL sells high-volume battery products to automakers, commercial-vehicle makers, energy-storage developers, utilities and infrastructure customers, then reinforces those relationships through technology upgrades, manufacturing capacity, service coverage and long-term supply capability. In Q1 2026, the company reported operating revenue of RMB 129.131 billion, up 52.45% year on year, and net profit attributable to shareholders of RMB 20.738 billion, up 48.52%. Operating cash flow was RMB 33.681 billion, showing that the business remains cash generative despite heavy investment needs.
- Power batteries: This is CATL’s core revenue engine, supplying cells and packs for electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids across passenger cars and commercial vehicles.
- Energy storage: CATL supplies batteries and integrated systems for grid, utility, commercial and infrastructure projects. This is the company’s main second growth pillar, with global energy-storage battery shipments ranked No. 1 in 2025.
- Battery materials and recycling: CATL is building a circular-economy platform around used-battery recycling and materials recovery. In 2025, it recycled 210,000 tons of spent batteries and regenerated 24,000 tonnes of lithium salts.
- Electrification services and infrastructure: The company is expanding into Choco-Swap battery swapping, heavy-truck swapping and charging, supercharging networks, marine batteries and low-altitude aviation applications.
- Technology licensing and customer integration: CATL monetizes R&D through product refreshes, customized OEM supply, system integration and deep engineering relationships with vehicle and energy customers.
CATL’s competitive advantages are manufacturing scale, technology breadth, customer reach and capital capacity. It reported 661 GWh of lithium-ion battery sales in 2025, up 39%, and global production capacity of 772 GWh, with another 321 GWh under construction at year-end. Its R&D investment reached RMB 22.1 billion in 2025, and cumulative R&D spending over the prior decade exceeded RMB 90 billion. Product platforms include Shenxing fast-charging batteries, Freevoy hybrid batteries, Qilin condensed batteries, Naxtra sodium-ion batteries, TENER storage systems and battery-swapping solutions.
The company’s market position is leading by global share. CATL cited SNE Research figures showing a 39.2% global power-battery market share in 2025, ranking No. 1 for the ninth consecutive year. It also held 30.4% global energy-storage battery shipment share, ranking No. 1 for the fifth consecutive year. Its batteries had been installed in more than 24 million vehicles worldwide, and its energy-storage products had been deployed in about 2,300 projects worldwide by the 2025 annual-report release.
China remains operationally central to CATL. The company is headquartered in Ningde, trades in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, and benefits from China’s large EV, plug-in hybrid, battery-swapping, supercharging and grid-storage ecosystems. At the same time, its overseas power-battery market share rose to 30% in 2025, showing that CATL’s position is broader than China’s domestic EV market. The 2025 Hong Kong listing added an A+H share platform to support global capital access and international expansion.
Direct competitors include BYD, LG Energy Solution, Panasonic Energy, Samsung SDI, SK On, CALB, EVE Energy, Gotion High-Tech and other Chinese and global battery suppliers. Compared with BYD, CATL is more focused on supplying batteries and energy-storage systems to a broad customer base, while BYD combines battery production with its own large vehicle manufacturing business. Compared with LG Energy Solution and Panasonic, CATL has larger global market share and a stronger home-base advantage in China, while those peers have deeper positions with selected Japanese, Korean, European and US automaker relationships.
CATL’s market position is strongest where scale, cost control, chemistry options and customer integration matter most. The main investor question is whether it sustains margins and utilization as global battery capacity expands, EV pricing pressure continues and governments apply more local-content, trade and strategic-technology restrictions to battery supply chains.