Booking Holdings runs a global, asset-light travel marketplace that matches traveler demand with supply from hotels, alternative accommodation hosts, airlines, car rental companies, and local experience providers. Substantially all revenue comes from online travel reservation services, split between merchant transactions where Booking facilitates payment and agency transactions where the traveler pays the supplier directly. Merchant revenue includes commissions, transaction net revenue, payment-facilitation economics, and ancillary fees such as travel insurance. Agency revenue is mostly commissions, with Booking.com representing the bulk of both categories.
A key model shift is the steady move toward merchant transactions at Booking.com, which increases control over the checkout, expands payment options, and supports bundling across trip components. In the first nine months of 2025, merchant revenue grew while agency revenue declined, reflecting that shift.
Core activities (how it earns)
- Accommodations marketplace (Booking.com, Agoda, Priceline)
Booking monetizes stays through commissions and merchant economics. Booking.com listed about 4.0 million properties at year-end 2024, with a large mix of homes and alternative accommodations alongside traditional hotels.
- Flights, rental cars, and ground transportation
Flights and mobility products expand the “Connected Trip” basket and diversify gross bookings beyond stays. Booking.com offered flights in 55+ markets and car rental in 42,000+ locations in 2024.
- Payments and merchant processing
Payment facilitation sits inside the merchant model via credit card processing rebates, customer processing fees, and related economics. This area becomes more important as Booking.com shifts volume from agency to merchant.
- Advertising and metasearch (KAYAK plus ad placements)
KAYAK earns from referrals to online travel companies and travel suppliers, plus advertising placements. Booking also reports advertising revenue growth inside “Advertising and other revenues.”
- Restaurants and software (OpenTable)
OpenTable adds dining reservations and subscription fees for restaurant management tools, which sit in “Advertising and other revenues.”
Market position
Booking Holdings positions itself as a leading global online travel platform across 220+ countries and territories through Booking.com, Priceline, Agoda, KAYAK, and OpenTable. Its scale is reflected in 2024 gross bookings of $165.6 billion and revenue of $23.7 billion, with merchant taking a rising share. In Q3 2025, Booking reported gross bookings around $49.7 billion and revenue around $9.0 billion, showing continued volume growth while the mix keeps shifting toward merchant.
Competition is intense across both OTAs and platform models. Booking cites direct competition from alternative accommodation specialists like Airbnb and from Vrbo (Expedia), plus ongoing pressure from metasearch and other distribution channels that shape customer acquisition costs.